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  The lion ( Panthera leo ) is a large cat of the genus Panthera native to Africa and India . It has a muscular, broad-chested body; short, rounded head; round ears; and a hairy tuft at the end of its tail. It is sexually dimorphic ; adult male lions are larger than females and have a prominent mane. It is a social species , forming groups called prides . A lion's pride consists of a few adult males, related females, and cubs. Groups of female lions usually hunt together, preying mostly on large ungulates . The lion is an apex and keystone predator ; although some lions scavenge when opportunities occur and have been known to hunt humans , lions typically do not actively seek out and prey on humans. The lion inhabits grasslands , savannas and shrublands . It is usually more diurnal than other wild cats, but when persecuted, it adapts to being active at night and at twilight . During the Neolithic period, the lion ranged throughout Africa and Eurasia from Southeast Euro...

  Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton , five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head , and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head. Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimorpha (or Selachii ) and are the sister group to the rays . However, the term "shark" has also been used to refer to all extinct members of Chondrichthyes with a shark-like morphology, such as hybodonts and xenacanths . The oldest modern sharks are known from the Early Jurassic . They range in size from the small dwarf lanternshark ( Etmopterus perryi ), a deep sea species that is only 17 centimetres (6.7 in) in length, to the whale shark ( Rhincodon typus ), the largest fish in the world, which reaches approximately 12 metres (40 ft) in length. [1] Sharks are found in all seas and are common to depths up to 2,000 metres (6,600 ft). They generally do not live in freshwater, although there are a few known exception...

  A mammoth is any species of the extinct elephantid genus Mammuthus , one of the many genera that make up the order of trunked mammals called proboscideans . The various species of mammoth were commonly equipped with long, curved tusks and, in northern species, a covering of long hair . They lived from the Pliocene epoch (from around 5 million years ago) into the Holocene at about 4,000 years ago, and various species existed in Africa, Europe, Asia, and North America. They were members of the family Elephantidae , which also contains the two genera of modern elephants and their ancestors. Mammoths are more closely related to living Asian elephants than African elephants . The oldest representative of Mammuthus , the South African mammoth ( M. subplanifrons ), appeared around 5 million years ago during the early Pliocene in what is now southern and eastern Africa. Descendant species of these mammoths moved north and continued to propagate into numerous subs...

  The chimpanzee ( / tʃ ɪ m p æ n ˈ z i / ; Pan troglodytes ), also known as simply the chimp , is a species of great ape native to the forest and savannah of tropical Africa . It has four confirmed subspecies and a fifth proposed subspecies. When its close relative the bonobo was more commonly known as the pygmy chimpanzee, this species was often called the common chimpanzee or the robust chimpanzee . The chimpanzee and the bonobo are the only species in the genus Pan . Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing shows that Pan is a sister taxon to the human lineage and is humans ' closest living relative. The chimpanzee is covered in coarse black hair, but has a bare face, fingers, toes, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet. It is larger and more robust than the bonobo, weighing 40–70 kg (88–154 lb) for males and 27–50 kg (60–110 lb) for females and standing 120 to 150 cm (3 ft 11 in to 4 ft 11 in). The chimpanzee live...

  Monkey is a common name that may refer to most mammals of the infraorder Simiiformes , also known as the simians. Traditionally, all animals in the group now known as simians are counted as monkeys except the apes , which constitutes an incomplete paraphyletic grouping; however, in the broader sense based on cladistics , apes (Hominoidea) are also included, making the terms monkeys and simians synonyms in regards to their scope. [ citation needed ] [3] In 1812, Geoffroy grouped the apes and the Cercopithecidae group of monkeys together and established the name Catarrhini , "Old World monkeys", (" singes de l'Ancien Monde " in French ). [3] [4] [5] The extant sister of the Catarrhini in the monkey ("singes") group is the Platyrrhini (New World monkeys). [3] Some nine million years before the divergence between the Cercopithecidae and the apes, [6] the Platyrrhini emerged within "monkeys" by migration to South America from Afro-...

  Το κοράκι , ή κόρακας ή κλόκαρος ( επιστ. ονομ. : Corvus corax ) είναι σαρκοφάγο ξηροβατικό πτηνό της τάξης στρουθιόμορφα, μεγέθους όρνιθας (μήκος 56-69 εκατοστά) γεγονός που το κατατάσσει ως ένα από τα μεγαλύτερα μέλη της τάξης και φτάνει σε βάρος το ενάμισι κιλό. Έχει χαρακτηριστικό μαύρο πτέρωμα, με κόκκινες και γαλάζιες ανταύγειες, μαύρο ράμφος κωνοειδές και μαύρα πόδια, εξ ου και η έκφραση " μαύρος σαν το κοράκι ". Ο Κόρακας ανήκει στην οικογένεια των κορακιδών, της οποίας και είναι το είδος με τη μεγαλύτερη εξάπλωση, στο γένος Corvus . Κατασκευάζει τη φωλιά του σε κορυφές δένδρων, βουνών, σε απόκρημνα βράχια και σε απόκεντρους ψηλούς πύργους. Από εκεί κατεβαίνει στην πεδιάδα για τροφή. Γενικά είναι παμφάγο και αδηφάγο πτηνό. Τρέφεται με σάρκες που βρίσκονται σε αποσύνθεση, με ποντικούς, φίδια, έντομα, καρπούς, αυγά μικρών πουλιών και πτώματα. Ο κόρακας ζει πάντα κατά ζεύγη και μένει πιστός στη σύντροφό του μέχρι θανάτου. Τη διαλέγει στο τέλος του χειμών...